MPPT devices are typically integrated into an electric power converter system that provides voltage or current conversion, filtering, and regulation for driving various loads, including power grids, batteries, or motors. Solar inverters convert DC power to AC power and may. The technique is most commonly used with photovoltaic (PV) solar systems but can also be used with wind turbines, optical power transmission and thermophotovoltaics. An MPPT controller continuously monitors the voltage output of solar panels in real-time, tracking the optimal voltage and current values to ensure the system achieves maximum power output.